Discussion 1
Klaudia
The PICOT framework was designed to break down clinical questions into keywords that are searchable in databases, leading directly to related scholarly articles. The abbreviation of PICOT is Patient or Problem, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, and Timeframe. As an emergency room nurse dealing with patients going for elective procedures, such as orthopedic surgeries, or colonoscopies is quite stressful due to strict NPO after-midnight guidelines. As a nurse, I always wondered why a specific rule pertains to every patient expecting a procedure, regardless of what time the procedure ischeduleed. I was wondering WHY DOES EVERYONE HAVE TO BE NPO AFTER MIDNIGHT? Using the PICOT framework, I developed a question asking whether it’s necessary to adhere to a standard NPO after midnight, or if there is another way to make patients more comfortable by decreasing hunger, thirst, dehydration, and risk for other health issues.
P – Patients needing procedures
I – Intervention: Relaxing Strict NPO Guidelines
C – Comparison: Timeframe from NPO and procedure start
O – Outcome: Decrease Discomfort and other health issues
T- NPO time to Procedure time.
Using the PICOT framework, it was easier to find 1 more specific article in the Walden University databases, showing important evidence that lethal complications of aspiration pneumonia are rare when not adhering to NPO after midnight, making the whole strict guidelines need to be reconsidered (Sharma, et al. 2022). Before discovering the PICOT framework, I had issues connecting keywords and typing them into the search toolbar to find evidence-based related articles. From now on, I will now use the PICOT framework throughout my master’s degree career to find articles needed to find credible information and prove the research I’ve done.
Davies, K. S. (2011). Formulating the evidence based practice question: A review of the frameworks Links to an external site. Links to an external site.for LIS professionals. Evidence Based Library and Information Practice, 6(2), 75–80.
Sharma V., Prasad J., Choudhary K., Choudhary D.
European Journal of Molecular and Clinical Medicine 2022 9:3 (2245-2254)
Discussion 2
Jenna
Main Post: Research Techniques
Clinical Issue
The clinical issue I chose was to evaluate the effects animal-assisted therapy (AAT) has on elderly dementia residents living in a nursing home setting. Of the four articles I found, they all indicated that allowing pet therapy with residents improved depressive symptoms, anxiety, feelings of isolation and behaviors associated with dementia in residents by promoting positive social interactions.
PICOT Question
Does animal-assisted therapy reduce behaviors associated with dementia in patients living in care facilities?
Research Method
My research method was through the nursing research page and the Boolean search bar. The first term I searched was ‘animal-assisted therapy’ which generated 3,215 results. I then added the word dementia and narrowed the publication dates from 2018-2022. I also limited the journals to peer-reviewed and full text which reduced the number to 152 results. One article that populated indicated that behaviors during the AAT study showed improved behaviors associated with aggression and irritability (Baek et al., 2020).
How to improve
To increase effectiveness and rigor in my searching strategies I plan to use key-word searching, subject heading searching, and title searching. Combining all three of these strategies will promote the best evidence available and increase results (Melnyk & Fineout-Overhold, 2018). Organizing and planning my strategy is another way I can improve research methods as I am, at times, quite disorganized. I can also utilize truncating, which is searching part of a word to identify similar words to increase results (Timmins & McCabe, 2005). Implementing these strategies will greatly improve my ability to identify appropriate articles in future researching.
References
Baek, S., Lee, Y., & Sohng, K. (2020). The psychological and behavioural effects of an animal‐assisted therapy programme in Korean older adults with dementia. Psychogeriatrics, 20(5), 645–653. https://doi.org/10.1111/psyg.12554Links to an external site.
Melnyk, B. M., & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2018). Evidence-based practice in nursing & healthcare: A guide to best practice (4th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer.
Timmins, F., & McCabe, C. (2005). How to conduct an effective literature search. Nursing Standard, 20(11), 41–47. https://doi.org/10.7748/ns2005.11.20.11.41.c4010
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